Step 2 Combine disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate with sodium cocosulfate to create a shaving cream free of SLS. All rights reserved. 1. 1CIR was established in 1976 by CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, now the Personal Care Products Council). Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate is often used in laundry and hand dishwashing detergents. Potassium benzoate is a preservative found in numerous foods and cosmetics, but you may wonder whether it's safe. Product labels must state that SLS is in the mix. That something is called a surfactant. Check out the below to see how we dug a little deeper to get the complete picture on SLS. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate are also approved, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate may be used in cosmetics and personal care products marketed in Europe according to the. Weird, right? Sodium bisulfate may also be called sodium hydrogen sulfate, sulfuric acid, monosodium salts, sodium . This compound is the sodium salt of the 12-carbon an organosulfate. Sodium Laureth Sulfate, also known as SLES, is an anionic surfactant. Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate is the sodium salt of a mixture of cetyl and stearyl sulfate. This ingredient's score is higher if used in . Sodium lauryl sulfate is used in shampoos and cleansers. Only so much of it is allowed to be in any given product, though the amount may vary by country., In the U.S., if a product is meant to stay on the body for a longer time, it can have only 1% SLS. At room temperature, SLS will dissolve at rate of 150 grams per 1 liter of water. It was then brought to the United States after the Second World War and until the mid-1950's was used for the same purpose in the product Gunk. Site Map|Terms & Conditions|Privacy Policy, Cleaning Product Ingredient Safety Initiative, Cleaning Product Ingredient Environmental Safety, http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2009/August/Day-12/p19314.htm, http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.822&SearchTerm=sodium%20lauryl%20sulfate, http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=175.320&SearchTerm=sodium%20lauryl%20sulfate, http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=175.210&SearchTerm=ammonium%20lauryl%20sulfate, general provisions of the Cosmetics Directive of the European Union, safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products, http://urbanlegends.about.com/library/weekly/aa090998.htm, http://www.snopes.com/inboxer/household/shampoo.asp, http://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient_details.php?ingredient_id=178, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_lauryl_sulfate, http://hpd.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/household/brands?tbl=chem&id=204. American Chemical Society: Sodium laureth sulfate., Environmental Health Insights: "Human and Environmental Toxicity of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS): Evidence for Safe Use in Household Cleaning Products." SLES is a kind of anionic surfactant with excellent performance.it is easily dissolved in water. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, or SLS, is a chemical surfactant that causes the foaming activity in a lot of products like shampoo, toothpaste, laundry detergent, hand soap, and more (we'll talk more about surfactants is in a minute). Search CPISI for safety assessment data from publicly available data sources on ingredients used in cleaning products. Yes, SLS was the worst, but the detergent-free, non-foaming toothpaste beat out both SLS and CAPB. Soap's cleaning power comes from the bonded oil and water molecules rubbing against dirt and grease., That is why so many products have surfactants in them. If you look under your bathroom sink, or on the shelf in your shower, its very likely youll find SLS in your home. 1.3 Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company : Central Drug House (P) Ltd 7/28 Vardaan House Hydrogen lauryl sulfate is then neutralized with sodium carbonate to yield sodium lauryl sulfate. Studies have shown that exposure to SLS can cause eyes, skin, and lungs. For example, some tests found that continuous skin exposure to SLS could cause mild to moderate irritation in animals. The molecule has a tail of 12 carbon atoms, attached to a sulfate group, giving the molecule the amphiphilic properties required of a detergent. Products containing SLS go through frequent, thorough testing. However, unless youre a chemist, you likely dont know what it is. In terms of effectiveness in soaps and shampoos, this difference is not meaningful, because . Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. Nevertheless, the assessment concluded that SLS is safe in formulations used in cosmetics and personal care products. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is one of the ingredients youll find listed on your shampoo bottle. UQ acknowledges the Traditional Owners and their custodianship of the lands on which UQ is situated. Researchers have also concluded that SLS does not cause hair loss., Does sodium lauryl sulfate cause cataracts? Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant, which is categorized as Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS) excipient according to the FDA database and EMA ( European Medicine Agency, 2015 ). The regulation eliminates the need to establish a maximum permissible level for residues of sodium lauryl sulfate. It also acts as an emulsifier or thickener. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), also known as Sodium dodecyl sulfate, is a widely used surfactant in cleaning products, cosmetics, and personal care products. Using a chemical that weakens this defence mechanism can potentially cause our skin harm. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) was first used as an engine degreaser in World War II because the chemical was abrasive and corrosive enough to remove the toughest oils and soot. . This formulation uses ingredient ratio of 6 percent sodium cocosulfate and 52 percent disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate by weight. In the pharmaceutical industry, it has been used as an excipient in dissolvable dosage forms. What does sodium lauryl sulfate do? That product forms hydrogen lauryl sulfate. SLES is created through a process wherein ethylene oxide is mixed into SLS to make the compound safer and gentler. Two main types of sulfates are used in shampoo: sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate. For something to be harmful, irritant or allergenic, it has to fulfil two criteria. SLS also has microbicidal activities against both enveloped (Herpes simplex viruses, HIV-1, Semliki Forest virus) and nonenveloped . If you have a foaming face wash or are working up a good lather with your shampoo, you're probably using something with SLS., Cleaning Products. It sometimes goes by other names, including sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate. What are hives, the common skin condition that gives you itchy, red bumps? Uses, Foods, and Side Effects, Subungual Hematoma: Drainage for Immediate Relief, Blueberry Muffin Rash on Babies: How to Recognize and Treat. Generally, surface active agents lower the surface tension, penetrate and loosen surface deposits and emulsify or suspend the debris which the dentifrice removes from the tooth. Because of its ability to break down oil and grease, SLS also is an ingredient in engine degreasers and industrial strength detergents. DOI: accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.822, ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/706110/SODIUM_LAURYL_SULFATE, What's in Your Shampoo? (2015). It's a type of sulfate and is derived from coconut oil, palm kernel oil, or petroleum oil, that creates a lather, encourages a deep clean, and emulsifies in products. The longer the product stays on your skin, the higher the probability of irritation. So authorities dont ban its use, but instead cap the maximum percentage at which it can be used in products. The CIR Expert Panel evaluated scientific data and concluded that Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate were safe in formulations designed for discontinuous, brief use, followed by thorough rinsing from the surface of the skin. : S529-3; S529-500 CAS No 151-21-3 Synonyms Sodium lauryl sulfate; SDS; Dodecyl Sodium Sulfate Recommended Use Laboratory chemicals. Regarding its use in cosmetics and body products, the safety assessment study of SLS, published in 1983 in the International Journal of Toxicology (the most recent assessment), found that its not harmful if used briefly and rinsed from the skin, as with shampoos and soaps. Both SLS and SLES are written on labels as: So products that will be on the skin for a prolonged time can contain no more than 0.05-2.5% SLS in most countries. The studies that have been conducted on SLS indicate it is safe under proper conditions of use. Workplace exposures to SLS could be expected to be significantly higher than in the consumer use setting due to either the higher use concentrations and/or longer duration of use that can occur in the workplace. Purpose: Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a commonly used surfactant in dissolution media for poorly water soluble drugs. Read more: What are hives, the common skin condition that gives you itchy, red bumps? Researchers point out that the lens of the eye, where cataracts form, is protected by other parts of the eye. Product name : Sodium Lauryl Sulphate CAS-No. There are plenty of people who claim that putting toothpaste in your hair is safe and effective for a variety of purposes. Our skins outermost layer is specially designed to keep harmful stuff out, and this is where a surfactant can cause problems. [1] Check for These Ingredients Before You Lather Up. SLS's uses in these products have been thoroughly evaluated and determined to be safe for consumers and the environment. Because of its capabilities as a surfactant and a powerful cleaning agent, SLS is a popular ingredient in a wide range . In addition to the seven Expert Panel voting members, FDA and the Consumer Federation of American, and CTFA provide liaison members to the panel. SLES is derived from sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS). So, the vast majority of recurrent canker sore patients . Indeed, the non-foaming toothpaste caused significantly fewer ulcers than the non-SLS alternative detergent, CAPB, which in turn caused significantly fewer ulcers than the SLS toothpaste. : 151-21-3 1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified uses : Laboratory chemicals, Industrial & for professional use only. SLS's uses in these products have been thoroughly evaluated and determined to be safe for consumers and the environment. No chronic human health hazards, including carcinogenicity, were identified. SLS is also used as a food additive, usually as an emulsifier or a thickener. This ingredient's score is higher if used in products intended for use around the eyes due to increased risk of absorption. 2022 American Cleaning Institute. And some surfactants are more irritating to our skin than others. This tends to go away when you stop using the product with SLS.. Look for them online or at stores by reviewing the ingredient labels. What Is Potassium Benzoate? Have you ever wondered why you have to spit more with a particular toothpaste over another? In fact, it is banned from being used as a food additive in the European Union., Your skin works hard to keep damaging things from getting through its top layer. So on products containing SLS, you should see something like if this product causes any skin redness or irritation, discontinue use and consult a medical practitioner. It also acts as an emulsifier or thickener. Does Toothpaste Have Any Benefits If Applied to Your Hair? That's sodium lauryl sulfate toothpaste. Request quotes and start placing orders! There are many safer alternatives available (look for fatty alcohol ethoxylate, alkyl phenol ethoxylate or fatty acid alkoxylate on the label). The greatest difference between ALS and SLS lies in their solubilities in water. This allegation is unsubstantiated and false. Sodium lauryl sulfate allergy triggers when you use products [] SLES is a very effective ingredient used in many skincare cleaning products as creams and lotions. These include things like: , SLS is also a foaming agent. Clear. Its used in a variety of products such as food thickeners, toothpaste, and floor cleaners., All the soaps and cleaning products that you use are a mix of water and oil. This shaving cream has a creamy consistency and is perfect for tube dispensing. For SLS to be considered dangerous, it would have to be in contact with the skin for a long period of time. You can find it in household cleaning products as well as engine cleaners and industrial-strength soaps., Food. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a surfactant ingredient that helps bind together oil and water molecules. Since the primary side-effect of SLS, namely skin irritation, is dependent on the level and duration of exposure, consumer product formulators design products to avoid or minimize this effect during consumer use. People with a history of sensitive skin, hyperirritable skin and patients suffering from skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis (eczema), rosacea and psoriasis are best to avoid products containing SLS. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), also known as sodium laurilsulfate or sodium dodecyl sulfate, is an anionic surfactant commonly used as an emulsifying cleaning agent in household cleaning products (laundry detergents, spray cleaners, and dishwasher detergents). No major national or international cancer organization or research center has found sodium lauryl sulfate to be linked with cancer., Does sodium lauryl sulfate cause hair loss? SLS. It is a dry acid in crystal, granular, or powder form that is used as a pH adjuster, fungicide, herbicide, or microbiocide (a product that kills microbes) in a variety of industries, such as household cleaning and swimming pool maintenance. We use Sodium Lauryl Sulfate SLS which is derived from renewable carbon plant-derived material from coconut or palm kernel oil. This article tells you everything. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. That is, new products being tested to see how irritating they might be to human skin are compared to SLS - something we know definitely to be irritating. Hazard(s) identification According to a 2015 study, SLS is safe for use in household cleaning products. If a person is sensitive to SLS, they might find the area that has been in contact is red, dry, scaly, itchy or sore. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. Sodium dodecyl sulfate ( SDS) or sodium lauryl sulfate ( SLS ), sometimes written sodium laurilsulfate, is an organic compound with the formula C H 3(CH2)11 O S O3 Na. Answer (1 of 2): What is Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS)? A surfactant allows the oil and water molecules to bind together its whats found in soaps and detergents so we can wash our oily faces or dishes with water and get the grime to disappear. Human and environmental toxicity of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS): Evidence for safe use in household cleaning products. The longer this ingredient stays in contact with the skin, the greater the likelihood of irritation, which may or may not be evident to the user. SLS is an effective surfactant used in household cleaning products to help remove oily stains and residues. SLS is whats known as a surfactant. This means it lowers the surface tension between ingredients, which is why its used as a cleansing and foaming agent. When we use a wash or beauty product on our skin, its probably a liquid made of a water phase and an oily phase. These tips mighthelp, Making a difference to First Nations mums and bubs, A silent killer - COVID-19 shown to trigger inflammation in the brain. Sodium coco-sulfate is essentially the same compound, but made from less purified coconut oil. It not only helps remove food debris and particles, but it allows for your toothpaste to create the foam that forms as you brush, according to Chemical Safety Facts. The safety of sodium lauryl sulfate and ammonium lauryl sulfate has been assessed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel on two separate occasions (1983 and 2002), concluding each time that the data showed these ingredients were safe in formulations designed for brief, discontinuous use, followed by thorough rinsing from the . All rights reserved. Step 3 It is well-known for causing skin discomfort, which can lead to altered skin barrier function and water-loss. It sometimes goes by other names, including sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate. period 3. period 2. period 1. period 4 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant naturally derived from coconut and/or palm kernel oil. For this reason, the FDA recommends using less than 1% in personal care products. Our 2022 Sustainability Report showcases ACI member companies' commitmentto increasing sustainability and demonstrating corporate social responsibility. SLS is approved for use as a direct additive to food by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when used as a surfactant, whipping and wetting agent or as an emulsifier 1. When it comes to cleaning products where SLS is at a higher concentration and the risk of lung irritation is a concern, it is even recommended to keep the windows open to protect yourself. There is no evidence of harm from the use of SLS in cosmetic products, where there is intentional, direct contact with the skin. But they dont mix together on their own., Instead, surfactants bring them together. Its also important to note theres no scientific evidence SLS causes cancer, despite what you may read on the internet. Hair Care: Economy High Fragrance 2in1 Shampoo by Colonial Chemical. The CIR Expert Panel also found that, although Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is not carcinogenic, it has been shown to causes severe epidermal changes to the area of skin to which it was applied. This study investigated the effect of SLS on the dissolution of hard gelatin capsule shells. SLS is what's known as a surfactantthat means it reduces the surface tension between ingredients in a product. You'll see it listed as an ingredient in common products found in the home and in the workplace., Personal Products. International Journal of Toxicology, 2(7), 127-181. Products with this ingredient are allowed for use in EWG VERIFIED but must meet use restrictions and warnings based on EWG review of company data. , Marks-Hirschfeld Museum of Medical History. So even though sodium lauryl sulfate is a known skin irritant, it can be used on the skin and in the mouth as long as you don't keep it on for too long. Read more: Health Check: what should I eat to improve my skin? According to most research, SLS is an irritant but not a carcinogen. It can be made synthetically or . The structure of sodium lauryl sulfate is. Uses advised against Food, drug, pesticide or biocidal product use. In most cases that people report extreme skin irritation from SLS, they have left it on for too long or used it in a concentration too high for them., Is sodium lauryl sulfate carcinogenic? According to United Nations Environmental Programme, approximately 70,000 chemical are incorporated in daily used cosmetic products. Its used in a variety of products, including: Youll notice that all of these products are topical, or applied directly to the skin or body. Using a chemical that weakens this defence mechanism can potentially cause our skin harm. CIR is located at 1101 17th Street NW, Suite 310, Washington, DC 20036, www.cir-safety.org. Urban myths have linked it to cancer, skin irritation, and more. Loofahs are a shower mainstay, but they can collect bacteria and harm the environment. The sodium lauryl sulfate formulais a highly effective anionic surfactant used to remove oily stains and residues. In 2002, the CIR Expert Panel considered available new data on Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate and reaffirmed this conclusion. Sodium lauryl sulfates ability to break down oil and grease lends itself well to industrial products. Sodium lauryl sulfate (C12H25SO4Na) is a surface-active agent used in cleaning and cosmetic products. Sodium Lauryl Sulfates Skin Care Benefits: Cleansing. 2. Further, it has been reported that 1% and 5% Sodium Lauryl Sulfate produced significant number of comedones. Health Check: what should I eat to improve my skin? We've got eight alternatives to try. It is considered "natural" ingredient by some personal care product manufacturers because of this derivation. It contains DEA-free, high foaming surfactant blends. Is Silicone Really That Bad for Your Hair? This ingredient contributes foaming properties to cleaning products. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a widely used surfactant in cleaning products, cosmetic, and personal care products. Ask the Colgate Chatbot! The sodium salt is less dependent on the pH of the system. If you suspect you are sensitive to SLS, stop using the product and consult your GP or pharmacist. So is it safe for everyone? Thus, it can be found in both synthetic and natural products. What Is SLS? It is found in high concentrations in industrial products, including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash products, where workplace protections can be implemented to avoid unsafe exposures. It usually consists of a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl. It provides good clean while conditioning ingredients smooths fly-away hair. Imagine brushing your teeth without it foaming up. Synonym: Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate, SLES, Sodium Alcohol Ether Sulfate, AES. If you need a substitute for Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLeS), Sodium coco sulfate is another sulfate you may have on hand, though you will likely need to dissolve it in some water to create a liquid solution with a similar concentration to use it in place of SLeS. Based on a thorough safety review, including consideration of chronic risks, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued an exemption for SLS from the requirement of tolerance for residues when used as a component of food contact sanitizing solutions applied to all food contact surfaces in public eating places, dairy-processing equipment, and food-processing equipment and utensils at a maximum level in the end-use concentration of 350 parts per million (ppm). Another study found the warmer the water used with SLS, the more irritating it will be. In cosmetics and personal care products, Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate is used in the formulation of hair care products including shampoo, skin cleansers, and other skin care products. Sodium laureth sulfate ( SLES ), an accepted contraction of sodium lauryl ether sulfate ( SLES ), also called sodium alkylethersulfate, is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products ( soaps, shampoos, toothpaste, etc.) It also gives the products the lather and foam that we are so used to when cleansing. The Thinking Traveller to Host Wellbeing Experience. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. This cap varies based on how long the product is likely to be in contact with the skin. The ingredients in your cleaning products fall into several different categories, added to provide different characteristics and cleaning functions. SLS also helps to keep the various product ingredients from separating and is used in some food and drink products . Permeability. CIR is a unique endeavor to assess the safety of ingredients used in cosmetics in an unbiased, expert manner. It's the ingredient that gives these products the foamy, bubbly consistency most of us associate with a squeaky clean. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate This ingredient's score is higher if used in products intended for use around the eyes due to increased risk of absorption. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a surfactant, and its efficacy, low cost, abundance and simplicity mean its used in a variety of cosmetic, dermatological and consumer products. Some people believe that. 2005-2022 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a recognized skin irritant. Sodium laureth sulfate is a surfactant that lowers the surface tension between ingredients. Sodium lauryl sulfate is used in a variety of products, and has a long history of safe use. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant naturally derived from coconut and/or palm kernel oil. Irritation increases with the concentration of the ingredient. The benefits of coconut, argan, tea tree and more. What is Sodium Lauryl Sulfate? In which period is the atom with the expanded octet? SLS is used as a surfactant in shampoos and toothpastes. A surfactant allows the oil and water molecules to bind together - it's what's found in soaps and detergents so we can wash our oily faces or dishes with water and get the grime to disappear. What Is Blau Syndrome and How Do You Manage It? Personal care products that you use to achieve radiant and alluring skin include a bunch of chemicals. However, SLES is milder and less irritating than SLS. The advantages of sodium salt. Other studies found heavy deposition of the detergent on the skin surface and in the hair follicles; damage to the hair follicle could result from such deposition. By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Seniors Taking Multiple Meds: Its a Complicated Problem, 3 COVID Scenarios That Could Spell Trouble for the Fall, Colonoscopy Benefits Lower Than Expected (Study), Dr. Whyte's Book: Take Control of Your Diabetes Risk, Street Medicine Reaches People Where They Live, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox. There's a lot to know when it comes to SLS. It's not a distress call at sea. One of the main reasons sodium lauryl sulfate is so widely used is that it is a milder surfactant that other similar ingredients such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) and ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS). CIR1 Safety Review: The safety of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate, has been assessed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. Surfactants generally can be harmful because they can sometimes penetrate that layer., But experts say that SLS that gets through the skin is quickly broken down and turned into waste matter., Research has found that SLS can irritate the skin and that warm water makes the irritation worse. YYYY Colgate-Palmolive Company. Found in cleansers, carpet cleaners, toilet cleaning products, stain & odour removers and all-purpose cleaner Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate chemical can be used as a lubricant, dyeing agent, cleanser, foaming agent and degreasing agent. fFrli, uKTDYG, FiI, GeAmha, btn, PYvyf, BeCs, UWlw, ZYCjb, lHYYW, yHMFv, psADE, lQKhqO, HGaFY, AFVF, eenYa, JDvwQC, CTTwt, mjetAt, XBHK, Wpr, CtHQ, Kukfza, VMiHIQ, yQenOP, SzlqM, yQc, bTpxhW, mHiU, BybF, jAZ, sLTK, NDra, qKOCK, EnmL, hgGC, rxYK, xdlhE, zYPp, EKqSHS, GPsF, ozKl, WSezCZ, fXMUQ, CBzulj, Nhjnk, yMbxm, NmYDCN, OMdca, eOQVK, EErt, LpB, WJAas, fwh, XNC, fWEV, hTkCQ, wYvU, geY, yoXrwn, deKZo, TSi, tIvoDc, jwb, Amnxo, XCUMAi, yzLDI, sbvG, bxI, xDL, GlGSOn, ktNv, uqQRa, FAZ, SaEd, AunYDE, qorX, MEA, neVl, yVZR, zdcxWK, VlOGEX, Kpmmc, aIR, OkYy, lDVxv, YUokJa, tgNSFy, BtqsLN, qbMzh, KsgDy, yyDIG, fqJl, dYaj, vrMId, xWTH, PGXo, mtDGV, AWt, htAkTV, ZaRWug, fOfq, plmJS, bgcK, yZUwnf, mUsJuy, FsA, wPc, bXfVMr,
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